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Master of Arts (Honours) International Relations and Middle East Studies


MA (Hons) International Relations (Joint Honours): First Year
Code Module name Credits
IR1005 Concepts in Global Politics 20 AND
IR1006 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy in Global Politics 20 AND
Remaining credits from Level 1000 options

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in the academic year
MA (Hons) Middle East Studies (Joint Honours): First year
Code Module name Credits
View list Between 0 and 40 credits from Module List: ME1003, MO1007 - MO1008 AND
ME1003 The Fall of Rome and the Origins of Europe (400-1000) 20
MO1007 The Early Modern Western World (c. 1450 - c. 1770) 20
MO1008 Themes in Late Modern History (c. 1776 - 2001) 20
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
Between 0 and 80 credits from Level 1000 options

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in the academic year
MA (Hons) International Relations (Joint Honours): Second Year
Code Module name Credits
* IR2005 Theoretical Approaches to International Relations 20 AND
* IR2006 Studying International Relations 20 AND
Remaining credits from Levels 1000 and 2000 options

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in the academic year
Choose a minimum of 80 Level 2000 credits

Automatic entry to Honours requires

  • an average grade of 11 or above at first sitting must be attained in certain requisite 2000 level modules marked * Qualified Entry to Honours requires; a grade of 4.0 or above in each of the requisite modules marked * and passing the Honours Entry examinations for the modules marked * in which a student did not previously achieve a grade of 11.0 or above, such that the conditions for automatic entry to Honours Entry are met when the best grade now achieved in each module marked * is considered. An Honours Entry examination can only be taken in the same academic year as the first completed enrolment in the relevant requisite module.
MA (Hons) Middle East Studies (Joint Honours): Second year
Code Module name Credits
* MH2002 Introduction to Middle Eastern History 20 AND
( ~ HI2001 History as a Discipline: Development and Key Concepts 20 OR
~ ME2003 Medieval Europe (11th - 15th c.) 20 OR
~ MO2008 Scotland, Britain and Empire (c. 1500 - 2000) 20 ) AND
Remaining credits from Levels 1000 and 2000 options

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in the academic year
Choose a minimum of 80 Level 2000 credits

Automatic entry to Honours requires

  • an average grade of 11 or above at first sitting must be attained in certain requisite 2000 level modules marked * Qualified Entry to Honours requires; a grade of 4.0 or above in each of the requisite modules marked * and passing the Honours Entry examinations for the modules marked * in which a student did not previously achieve a grade of 11.0 or above, such that the conditions for automatic entry to Honours Entry are met when the best grade now achieved in each module marked * is considered. An Honours Entry examination can only be taken in the same academic year as the first completed enrolment in the relevant requisite module.
  • an average grade of 11 or above at first sitting must be attained in certain requisite 2000 level modules marked ~ Qualified Entry to Honours requires; a grade of 4.0 or above in each of the requisite modules marked ~ and passing the Honours Entry examinations for the modules marked ~ in which a student did not previously achieve a grade of 11.0 or above, such that the conditions for automatic entry to Honours Entry are met when the best grade now achieved in each module marked ~ is considered. An Honours Entry examination can only be taken in the same academic year as the first completed enrolment in the relevant requisite module.

Entry to Honours

Students who meet the requirements specified above, and who meet all other programme requirements, will be given automatic entry into Honours programmes.

See: www.st-andrews.ac.uk/media/teaching-and-learning/policies/honsentry.pdf )

MA Honours

The general requirements are 480 credits over a period of normally four years (and not more than five years) or part-time equivalent, of which the final two years form an approved Honours programme of 240 credits, of which 90 credits are at 4000 level and at least a further 120 credits at 3000 and/or 4000 levels.

MA (Hons) International Relations (Joint Honours): Third Year
Code Module name Credits
View list Between 30 and 60 credits from Module List : IR3000 - IR3999 AND
IR3004 International Political Economy 30
IR3006 International Regimes and Organisations 30
IR3008 International Terrorism 30
IR3011 Ethics and World Politics 30
IR3021 Case Studies in Conflict Analysis 30
IR3022 International Relations and International Law 30
IR3023 US Foreign Policy: The Dilemmas of Power 30
IR3024 The Politics of Africa 30
IR3025 International Security 30
IR3026 Diplomacy and Conflict Intervention 30
IR3029 The Logic of Irregular Warfare 30
IR3030 Human Rights in Theory and Practice 30
IR3031 Globalisation and the War on Terrorism 30
IR3032 Globalisation and its Disjunctures 30
IR3033 Post-Conflict Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa 30
IR3036 Independent study in International Relations - Norms in International Relations 30
IR3037 Independent study in International Relations - Political leadership 30
IR3038 Conflict Management, Settlement and Resolution 30
IR3039 International Relations of the European Union 30
IR3041 International Political Theory 30
IR3042 Representations of Violent Conflict: Research Seminar 30
IR3044 Pathways of European State Formation 30
IR3045 Violence in Deeply-Divided Societies 30
IR3046 Foreign Policy of Modern China 30
IR3047 Arrested Development? The Politics of Postcolonialism 30
IR3048 Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Intervention 30
IR3049 International History and International Relations 30
IR3050 State, Power, Crime 30
IR3051 International Relations Theory: From Fear to Queer 30
IR3053 Peacebuilding and Post-Conflict Transition in Latin America 30
IR3054 Mapping the Boundaries of Emerging and Evolving Securities 30
IR3055 International Relations and the Internet 30
IR3056 Political Leadership: Theories and History 30
IR3057 Armaments and International Relations 30
IR3058 Armed Forces, Societies and Governments: An International Perspective on Civil-Military Relations 30
IR3060 Rebellion and Revolution 30
IR3062 The United Nations since 1945 30
IR3063 Organised Crime and Corruption 30
IR3064 Critical Terrorism Studies 30
IR3065 Refugees and International Relations 30
IR3066 Emotional Encounters: Diplomacy, Power and Persuasion in World Politics 30
IR3067 The International Criminal Court in World Politics 30
IR3068 Christianity and World Politics 30
IR3070 Armed Conflict in Postcolonial Africa 30
IR3071 Realism in International Relations 30
IR3072 New and emerging security threats in the Caucasus and Central Asia 30
IR3073 Dilemmas of International Order: Governing Conflict and Human Rights 30
IR3074 International Relations of Energy and the Environment 30
IR3075 Leader Personality and Foreign Policy 30
IR3076 Political Economy of Trade and Investment 30
IR3077 The Motives and Enablers of Terrorist Violence 30
IR3078 Hot Economics, Cold Politics? International Relations of Northeast Asia 30
IR3079 Feminist Theories in Global Politics 30
IR3101 Russian Politics and Foreign Policy after Communism 30
IR3104 The International Relations of Post-Communist Central and Eastern Europe 30
IR3111 Asian Security 30
IR3113 Gender and Generation 30
IR3300 Conflict in the Middle East 30
IR3301 Politics and State Formation in the Middle East 30
IR3302 Democracy and Revolution in North Africa 30
IR3303 The Arab - Israeli Conflict 30
IR3304 The International, Modernity and Contemporary Gulf Politics 30
IR3791
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list Between 0 and 30 credits from Module List: IR4100 - IR4999 (excluding IR4794 - IR4795), SD4225
IR4401 Communication in International Relations 15
IR4504 The Language of Politics 30
IR4514 Global Public Policy 30
IR4516 The International Relations of Sub-Saharan Africa 30
IR4519 Politics and Development in Southeast Asia 30
IR4522 Critical Approaches to International Security 30
IR4523 The Aftermath of the Wars: Liberal Dilemmas 30
IR4530 Genocide 30
IR4532 The Cultural Politics of Human Rights 30
IR4535 Theories of Friendship, Solidarity and Peace 30
IR4538 Identities, Belonging and Others 30
IR4540 The Changing Character of War 30
IR4542 Gender and Terrorism 30
IR4543 Activism and Resistance 30
IR4544 Wars and Peace in the Caucasus 30
IR4545 Indian Foreign Policy 30
IR4546 The Psychology of International Security 30
IR4548 Force and Statecraft 30
IR4550 Art and War 30
IR4552 The Politics of the Environment 30
IR4553 Europe, America and the Transatlantic 30
IR4554 Global Aesthetics and Politics 30
IR4555 Music, Politics and International Relations 30
IR4556 Politics and Time: Memory, Narrative and Mourning in Group Identity and Conflict 30
IR4560 Faith, Politics, and War: The Augustinian Tradition in IR 30
IR4561 Security as Ethics: Rethinking the Global Polity 30
IR4562 The Political Lives of Objects 30
IR4563 Rebels, Terrorists, Militias: The Comparative Analysis of Armed Groups 30
IR4564 Strategic Studies 30
IR4565 Contemporary Political Theory: from revolution to recognition 30
IR4566 Comparative regionalism 30
IR4567 The International Criminal Court in World Politics 30
IR4568 International Relations of Energy and the Environment 30
IR4569 Geopolitics of Energy in the Caspian Region 30
IR4570 Everyday Life and Global Politics 30
IR4571 Conflict and intervention in world politics 30
IR4572 Economy of Anger: Marxism, Psychoanalysis and the Politics of Status 30
IR4573 Global Economic Governance: Visions and Realities 30
IR4574 Understanding Terrorism 30
IR4575 Queer IR, Queering Global Politics 30
IR4576 The Psychology of Motives in Foreign Policy Analysis 30
IR4577 Order and Crisis in World Politics 30
IR4600 Ideologies and Social Movements in the Middle East 30
IR4601 Political Order and Violence in the Middle East 30
IR4602 International Relations of the Middle East 30
IR4604 Political Islam and International Relations 30
IR4606 Propaganda, Persuasion and Information War in the Middle East 30
IR4607 Britain and Iraq 1914-2004 30
SD4225 Green Politics: theory and practice 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in academic year

Access to up to thirty 4000-level credits requires the permission of the Adviser of Studies.
MA (Hons) Middle East Studies (Joint Honours): Third year
Code Module name Credits
View list 60 credits from Module List: Various Groupings of AH, IR, ME and MO Modules
AH3131 A Survey of Islamic Art 30
AH4050 Approaches to Persian Painting and the Arts of the Book 30
IR3300 Conflict in the Middle East 30
IR3301 Politics and State Formation in the Middle East 30
IR3302 Democracy and Revolution in North Africa 30
IR3303 The Arab - Israeli Conflict 30
IR3304 The International, Modernity and Contemporary Gulf Politics 30
ME3162 The Medieval Castle 30
ME3163 The Imperial City: Byzantine and Ottoman Constantinople 30
ME3164 Archaeology of Late Antiquity and the Early Islamic Middle East: Architecture and Representations of Power (C4th-C12th) 30
ME3602 The Crusades viewed from the other side: Muslim perspectives 30
ME3608 Eastern Approaches: Early Medieval Armenia c. 500 - 750 30
ME3611 The Eastern Roman Empire in the Reign of Justinian 527 - 565 30
ME3612 Cataclysm and Consolidation: the Reconfiguration of the Middle East in the Seventh Century 30
ME3613 Arabs, Persians and Turks in the Early Islamic East in the Age of the Caliphates (600 - 1200) 30
ME3616 Missionaries, Assassins and State-builders: Militant Shiæism in the Medieval Muslim World 30
ME3617 The Mamluks And The Mamluk Sultanate 30
MO3080 The Iranian World from the Timurids to the Safavids (1370 - 1722) 30
MO3081 The Ottoman Empire 1300 - 1700 30
MO3280 Persia in the 18th Century, 1722-1834 (Age of the Warlords) 30
MO3381 French Algeria (1830-1962) 30
MO3385 Modern Iran from 1834-1941: Enlightenment, Nationalism & Revolution 30
MO3386 Religion and State in Iran from the Rise of the Safavid dynasty until the Constitutional Movement (1501-1911) 30
MO3389 Gender and Sexuality in South Asia (1800s-2000s) 30
MO3581 From World War 2 to Thermidor: Iran in the Short 20th Century 30
MO3583 From Second World War to Cold War and Coup d'Etat: Iran Between 1941 and 1953 30
AH3131 A Survey of Islamic Art 30
AH4050 Approaches to Persian Painting and the Arts of the Book 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in academic year

Access to level 3000 and 4000 level IR modules requires permission from the Honours Advisers in Middle East Studies and International Relations. Students will normally be expected to have met the requirements for Honours entry to the School of International Relations.
MA (Hons) International Relations (Joint Honours): Fourth Year
Code Module name Credits
View list Between 30 and 60 credits from Module List: IR4000 - IR4999, ID4002, SD4225 AND
IR4099 Honours Dissertation in International Relations 60
IR4401 Communication in International Relations 15
IR4504 The Language of Politics 30
IR4514 Global Public Policy 30
IR4516 The International Relations of Sub-Saharan Africa 30
IR4519 Politics and Development in Southeast Asia 30
IR4522 Critical Approaches to International Security 30
IR4523 The Aftermath of the Wars: Liberal Dilemmas 30
IR4530 Genocide 30
IR4532 The Cultural Politics of Human Rights 30
IR4535 Theories of Friendship, Solidarity and Peace 30
IR4538 Identities, Belonging and Others 30
IR4540 The Changing Character of War 30
IR4542 Gender and Terrorism 30
IR4543 Activism and Resistance 30
IR4544 Wars and Peace in the Caucasus 30
IR4545 Indian Foreign Policy 30
IR4546 The Psychology of International Security 30
IR4548 Force and Statecraft 30
IR4550 Art and War 30
IR4552 The Politics of the Environment 30
IR4553 Europe, America and the Transatlantic 30
IR4554 Global Aesthetics and Politics 30
IR4555 Music, Politics and International Relations 30
IR4556 Politics and Time: Memory, Narrative and Mourning in Group Identity and Conflict 30
IR4560 Faith, Politics, and War: The Augustinian Tradition in IR 30
IR4561 Security as Ethics: Rethinking the Global Polity 30
IR4562 The Political Lives of Objects 30
IR4563 Rebels, Terrorists, Militias: The Comparative Analysis of Armed Groups 30
IR4564 Strategic Studies 30
IR4565 Contemporary Political Theory: from revolution to recognition 30
IR4566 Comparative regionalism 30
IR4567 The International Criminal Court in World Politics 30
IR4568 International Relations of Energy and the Environment 30
IR4569 Geopolitics of Energy in the Caspian Region 30
IR4570 Everyday Life and Global Politics 30
IR4571 Conflict and intervention in world politics 30
IR4572 Economy of Anger: Marxism, Psychoanalysis and the Politics of Status 30
IR4573 Global Economic Governance: Visions and Realities 30
IR4574 Understanding Terrorism 30
IR4575 Queer IR, Queering Global Politics 30
IR4576 The Psychology of Motives in Foreign Policy Analysis 30
IR4577 Order and Crisis in World Politics 30
IR4600 Ideologies and Social Movements in the Middle East 30
IR4601 Political Order and Violence in the Middle East 30
IR4602 International Relations of the Middle East 30
IR4604 Political Islam and International Relations 30
IR4606 Propaganda, Persuasion and Information War in the Middle East 30
IR4607 Britain and Iraq 1914-2004 30
IR4795 Joint Dissertation (60cr) 60
ID4002 Communication and Teaching in Arts and Humanities 15
SD4225 Green Politics: theory and practice 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list Between 0 and 30 credits from Module List : IR3000 - IR3999
IR3004 International Political Economy 30
IR3006 International Regimes and Organisations 30
IR3008 International Terrorism 30
IR3011 Ethics and World Politics 30
IR3021 Case Studies in Conflict Analysis 30
IR3022 International Relations and International Law 30
IR3023 US Foreign Policy: The Dilemmas of Power 30
IR3024 The Politics of Africa 30
IR3025 International Security 30
IR3026 Diplomacy and Conflict Intervention 30
IR3029 The Logic of Irregular Warfare 30
IR3030 Human Rights in Theory and Practice 30
IR3031 Globalisation and the War on Terrorism 30
IR3032 Globalisation and its Disjunctures 30
IR3033 Post-Conflict Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa 30
IR3036 Independent study in International Relations - Norms in International Relations 30
IR3037 Independent study in International Relations - Political leadership 30
IR3038 Conflict Management, Settlement and Resolution 30
IR3039 International Relations of the European Union 30
IR3041 International Political Theory 30
IR3042 Representations of Violent Conflict: Research Seminar 30
IR3044 Pathways of European State Formation 30
IR3045 Violence in Deeply-Divided Societies 30
IR3046 Foreign Policy of Modern China 30
IR3047 Arrested Development? The Politics of Postcolonialism 30
IR3048 Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Intervention 30
IR3049 International History and International Relations 30
IR3050 State, Power, Crime 30
IR3051 International Relations Theory: From Fear to Queer 30
IR3053 Peacebuilding and Post-Conflict Transition in Latin America 30
IR3054 Mapping the Boundaries of Emerging and Evolving Securities 30
IR3055 International Relations and the Internet 30
IR3056 Political Leadership: Theories and History 30
IR3057 Armaments and International Relations 30
IR3058 Armed Forces, Societies and Governments: An International Perspective on Civil-Military Relations 30
IR3060 Rebellion and Revolution 30
IR3062 The United Nations since 1945 30
IR3063 Organised Crime and Corruption 30
IR3064 Critical Terrorism Studies 30
IR3065 Refugees and International Relations 30
IR3066 Emotional Encounters: Diplomacy, Power and Persuasion in World Politics 30
IR3067 The International Criminal Court in World Politics 30
IR3068 Christianity and World Politics 30
IR3070 Armed Conflict in Postcolonial Africa 30
IR3071 Realism in International Relations 30
IR3072 New and emerging security threats in the Caucasus and Central Asia 30
IR3073 Dilemmas of International Order: Governing Conflict and Human Rights 30
IR3074 International Relations of Energy and the Environment 30
IR3075 Leader Personality and Foreign Policy 30
IR3076 Political Economy of Trade and Investment 30
IR3077 The Motives and Enablers of Terrorist Violence 30
IR3078 Hot Economics, Cold Politics? International Relations of Northeast Asia 30
IR3079 Feminist Theories in Global Politics 30
IR3101 Russian Politics and Foreign Policy after Communism 30
IR3104 The International Relations of Post-Communist Central and Eastern Europe 30
IR3111 Asian Security 30
IR3113 Gender and Generation 30
IR3300 Conflict in the Middle East 30
IR3301 Politics and State Formation in the Middle East 30
IR3302 Democracy and Revolution in North Africa 30
IR3303 The Arab - Israeli Conflict 30
IR3304 The International, Modernity and Contemporary Gulf Politics 30
IR3791
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in academic year

Access to up to thirty 3000-level credits requires the permission of the Adviser of Studies.
MA (Hons) Middle East Studies (Joint Honours): Fourth year
Code Module name Credits
( View list Between 0 and 30 credits from Module List: Various Groupings of AH, IR, ME and MO Modules AND
AH3131 A Survey of Islamic Art 30
AH4050 Approaches to Persian Painting and the Arts of the Book 30
IR3300 Conflict in the Middle East 30
IR3301 Politics and State Formation in the Middle East 30
IR3302 Democracy and Revolution in North Africa 30
IR3303 The Arab - Israeli Conflict 30
IR3304 The International, Modernity and Contemporary Gulf Politics 30
ME3162 The Medieval Castle 30
ME3163 The Imperial City: Byzantine and Ottoman Constantinople 30
ME3164 Archaeology of Late Antiquity and the Early Islamic Middle East: Architecture and Representations of Power (C4th-C12th) 30
ME3602 The Crusades viewed from the other side: Muslim perspectives 30
ME3608 Eastern Approaches: Early Medieval Armenia c. 500 - 750 30
ME3611 The Eastern Roman Empire in the Reign of Justinian 527 - 565 30
ME3612 Cataclysm and Consolidation: the Reconfiguration of the Middle East in the Seventh Century 30
ME3613 Arabs, Persians and Turks in the Early Islamic East in the Age of the Caliphates (600 - 1200) 30
ME3616 Missionaries, Assassins and State-builders: Militant Shiæism in the Medieval Muslim World 30
ME3617 The Mamluks And The Mamluk Sultanate 30
MO3080 The Iranian World from the Timurids to the Safavids (1370 - 1722) 30
MO3081 The Ottoman Empire 1300 - 1700 30
MO3280 Persia in the 18th Century, 1722-1834 (Age of the Warlords) 30
MO3381 French Algeria (1830-1962) 30
MO3385 Modern Iran from 1834-1941: Enlightenment, Nationalism & Revolution 30
MO3386 Religion and State in Iran from the Rise of the Safavid dynasty until the Constitutional Movement (1501-1911) 30
MO3389 Gender and Sexuality in South Asia (1800s-2000s) 30
MO3581 From World War 2 to Thermidor: Iran in the Short 20th Century 30
MO3583 From Second World War to Cold War and Coup d'Etat: Iran Between 1941 and 1953 30
AH3131 A Survey of Islamic Art 30
AH4050 Approaches to Persian Painting and the Arts of the Book 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list Between 0 and 60 credits from Module List: IR4099, IR4600 - IR4650, HI4997 - HI4999, HI4794 AND
IR4099 Honours Dissertation in International Relations 60
IR4600 Ideologies and Social Movements in the Middle East 30
IR4601 Political Order and Violence in the Middle East 30
IR4602 International Relations of the Middle East 30
IR4604 Political Islam and International Relations 30
IR4606 Propaganda, Persuasion and Information War in the Middle East 30
IR4607 Britain and Iraq 1914-2004 30
HI4997 Recording the Past 30
HI4998 Honours Project in History 30
HI4999 Honours Dissertation in History 30
HI4794 Joint Dissertation (30cr) 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list Between 0 and 30 credits from Module List: ID4002, HI4101 and HI4996 ) OR
ID4002 Communication and Teaching in Arts and Humanities 15
HI4101 Communication in History 15
HI4996 Presenting the Past 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list 60 credits from Module List: ME4850 - ME4895, MO4850 - MO4895 AND
ME4852 From Leo VI to Basil II: Byzantium in the Tenth Century 60
ME4855 Crusaders, Mongols and Mamluks: West and East in the Mid-Thirteenth Century 60
ME4856 From Byzantium to the Ottoman Empire 60
ME4857 The Mongol Empire and the Islamic World 60
MO4850 Britain and Iran in the Modern Era 60
MO4852 Experiencing the Past in the Middle East 60
MO4853 Under a Bright Red Star: Iranian Marxism in the 20th Century 60
MO4854 Equality, Institutions and the Development of the Modern State 60
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in academic year

Access to HI4999 requires the permission of the Chair of the Degree Committee.

With the permission of the Director of Teaching 30 credits in Fourth Year may be replaced by ID4002 and HI4101.

Access to level 3000 and 4000 level IR modules requires permission from the Honours Advisers in Middle East Studies and International Relations. Students will normally be expected to have met the requirements for Honours entry to the School of International Relations.

Study abroad

In the case of students who spend part of the Honours programme on a recognised Study Abroad scheme, the Programme Requirements will be amended to take into account overseas courses which are approved by the relevant St Andrews School in the Learning Agreement (see www.st-andrews.ac.uk/students/study-abroad/academic ).