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Master of Arts (Honours) International Relations and Theological Studies


MA (Hons) International Relations (Joint Honours): First Year
Code Module name Credits
IR1005 Concepts in Global Politics 20 AND
IR1006 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy in Global Politics 20 AND
Remaining credits from Level 1000 options

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in the academic year
MA (Hons) Theological Studies and International Relations: First year
Code Module name Credits
View list At least 20 credits from Module List: DI1201, DI1009, DI1013 AND
DI1201 From Adam to Apocalypse: The Bible and Western Culture 20
DI1009 Introduction to World Religions 20
DI1013 Science, Religion, and the Mind 20
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
Remaining credits from Level 1000 options

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in the academic year
MA (Hons) International Relations (Joint Honours): Second Year
Code Module name Credits
* IR2005 Theoretical Approaches to International Relations 20 AND
* IR2006 Studying International Relations 20 AND
Remaining credits from Levels 1000 and 2000 options

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in the academic year
Choose a minimum of 80 Level 2000 credits

Automatic entry to Honours requires

  • pass at grade 11 or better required in modules marked *
MA (Hons) Theological Studies and International Relations: Second year
Code Module name Credits
* DI2006 The Early and Medieval Church: History, Beliefs and Practices 20 AND
Remaining credits from Levels 1000 and 2000 options

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in the academic year
Choose a minimum of 80 Level 2000 credits

Automatic entry to Honours requires

  • pass at grade 11 or better required in modules marked *

Entry to Honours

Students who meet the requirements specified above, and who meet all other programme requirements, will be given automatic entry into Honours programmes.

See: www.st-andrews.ac.uk/media/teaching-and-learning/policies/honsentry.pdf )

MA Honours

The general requirements are 480 credits over a period of normally four years (and not more than five years) or part-time equivalent, of which the final two years form an approved Honours programme of 240 credits, of which 90 credits are at 4000 level and at least a further 120 credits at 3000 and/or 4000 levels.

MA (Hons) International Relations (Joint Honours): Third Year
Code Module name Credits
View list Between 30 and 60 credits from Module List : IR3000 - IR3999 AND
IR3004 International Political Economy 30
IR3006 International Regimes and Organisations 30
IR3007 Democracy and Democratisation 30
IR3008 International Terrorism 30
IR3011 Ethics and World Politics 30
IR3013 Modern Ideologies 30
IR3021 Case Studies in Conflict Analysis 30
IR3022 International Relations and International Law 30
IR3023 US Foreign Policy: The Dilemmas of Power 30
IR3024 The Politics of Africa 30
IR3025 International Security 30
IR3026 Diplomacy and Conflict Intervention 30
IR3027 American New World Orders of the Twentieth Century 30
IR3028 Politics of China 30
IR3029 The Logic of Irregular Warfare 30
IR3030 Human Rights in Theory and Practice 30
IR3031 Globalisation and the War on Terrorism 30
IR3032 Globalisation and its Disjunctures 30
IR3033 Post-Conflict Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa 30
IR3034 The Political Theory of War and Peace 30
IR3035 Peace Processes and Violence 30
IR3036 Public International Law and International Legal Theory 30
IR3037 Central Asian Studies 30
IR3038 Conflict Management, Settlement and Resolution 30
IR3039 International Relations of the European Union 30
IR3041 International Political Theory 30
IR3042 Representations of Violent Conflict: Research Seminar 30
IR3043 Approaches to Counter-Terrorism 30
IR3044 Pathways of European State Formation 30
IR3045 Violence in Deeply-Divided Societies 30
IR3046 Foreign Policy of Modern China 30
IR3047 Arrested Development? The Politics of Postcolonialism 30
IR3048 Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Intervention 30
IR3049 International History and International Relations 30
IR3050 State, Power, Crime 30
IR3051 International Relations Theory: From Fear to Queer 30
IR3052 The Politics of Violence and Resistance in Latin America 30
IR3053 Peacebuilding and Post-Conflict Transition in Latin America 30
IR3054 Mapping the Boundaries of Emerging and Evolving Securities 30
IR3055 International Relations and the Internet 30
IR3056 Political Leadership: Theories and History 30
IR3057 Armaments and International Relations 30
IR3058 Armed Forces, Societies and Governments: An International Perspective on Civil-Military Relations 30
IR3059 Anglo-American Relations Since 1939: The Special Relationship? 30
IR3060 Rebellion and Revolution 30
IR3061 International Political Theology: Christian Realism and Beyond 30
IR3062 The United Nations since 1945 30
IR3063 Organised Crime and Corruption 30
IR3064 Critical Terrorism Studies 30
IR3065 Refugees and International Relations 30
IR3066 Emotional Encounters: Diplomacy, Power and Persuasion in World Politics 30
IR3067 The International Criminal Court in World Politics 30
IR3068 Christianity and World Politics 30
IR3070 Armed Conflict in Postcolonial Africa 30
IR3071 Realism in International Relations 30
IR3072 New and emerging security threats in the Caucasus and Central Asia 30
IR3073 Dilemmas of International Order: Governing Conflict and Human Rights 30
IR3074 International Relations of Energy and the Environment 30
IR3075 Leader Personality and Foreign Policy 30
IR3076 Political Economy of Trade and Investment 30
IR3077 The Motives and Enablers of Terrorist Violence 30
IR3078 Hot Economics, Cold Politics? International Relations of Northeast Asia 30
IR3101 Russian Politics and Foreign Policy after Communism 30
IR3104 The International Relations of Post-Communist Central and Eastern Europe 30
IR3111 Asian Security 30
IR3113 Gender and Generation 30
IR3300 Conflict in the Middle East 30
IR3301 Politics and State Formation in the Middle East 30
IR3302 Democracy and Revolution in North Africa 30
IR3303 The Arab - Israeli Conflict 30
IR3791
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list Between 0 and 30 credits from Module List: IR4100 - IR4999 (excluding IR4794 - IR4795)
IR4401 Communication in International Relations 15
IR4501 International Politics of Nuclear Weapons 30
IR4502 Conflict Management, Settlement and Resolution 30
IR4504 The Language of Politics 30
IR4506 Political Economy of the Modern Middle East 30
IR4508 Religion and World Politics 30
IR4509 World Order in the History of Political Thought 30
IR4512 Britain and the World 30
IR4514 Global Public Policy 30
IR4516 The International Relations of Sub-Saharan Africa 30
IR4518 Ethics and the Use of Force 30
IR4519 Politics and Development in Southeast Asia 30
IR4521 Representations of International Relations 30
IR4522 Critical Approaches to International Security 30
IR4523 The Aftermath of the Wars: Liberal Dilemmas 30
IR4525 Ethno-National Conflict in the Post-Communist Space 30
IR4526 Terrorism, Radicalism and Extremism 30
IR4527 International Relations of the European Union 30
IR4528 Foreign Policy of Modern China 30
IR4529 Force in the Modern World 30
IR4530 Genocide 30
IR4531 The Return of Great Power Politics 30
IR4532 The Cultural Politics of Human Rights 30
IR4534 Terrorist Finance 30
IR4535 Theories of Friendship, Solidarity and Peace 30
IR4536 Warmongers and Peacemakers: Religious Actors and Conflict 30
IR4538 Identities, Belonging and Others 30
IR4539 International Law and International Legal Theory 30
IR4540 The Changing Character of War 30
IR4541 Dealing in Darkness: An Anatomy of Realism in International Relations 30
IR4542 Gender and Terrorism 30
IR4543 Activism and Resistance 30
IR4544 Wars and Peace in the Caucasus 30
IR4545 Indian Foreign Policy 30
IR4546 The Psychology of International Security 30
IR4547 Shadows in the Global Political Economy 30
IR4548 Force and Statecraft 30
IR4549 Theory, Critique and Ideology in International Relations 30
IR4550 Art and War 30
IR4551 Cosmopolitanism and Global Politics 30
IR4552 The Politics of the Environment 30
IR4553 Europe, America and the Transatlantic 30
IR4554 Global Aesthetics and Politics 30
IR4555 Music, Politics and International Relations 30
IR4556 Politics and Time: Memory, Narrative and Mourning in Group Identity and Conflict 30
IR4558 Non-Western International Relations 30
IR4560 Faith, Politics, and War: The Augustinian Tradition in IR 30
IR4561 Security as Ethics: Rethinking the Global Polity 30
IR4562 The Political Lives of Objects 30
IR4563 Rebels, Terrorists, Militias: The Comparative Analysis of Armed Groups 30
IR4564 Strategic Studies 30
IR4565 Contemporary Political Theory: from revolution to recognition 30
IR4566 Comparative regionalism 30
IR4567 The International Criminal Court in World Politics 30
IR4568 International Relations of Energy and the Environment 30
IR4569 Geopolitics of Energy in the Caspian Region 30
IR4570 Everyday Life and Global Politics 30
IR4571 Conflict and intervention in world politics 30
IR4572 Economy of Anger: Marxism, Psychoanalysis and the Politics of Status 30
IR4573 Global Economic Governance: Visions and Realities 30
IR4574 Understanding Terrorism 30
IR4575 Queer IR, Queering Global Politics 30
IR4576 The Psychology of Motives in Foreign Policy Analysis 30
IR4600 Ideologies and Social Movements in the Middle East 30
IR4601 Political Order and Violence in the Middle East 30
IR4602 International Relations of the Middle East 30
IR4603 Central Asia in International Politics 30
IR4604 Political Islam and International Relations 30
IR4605 The Arab - Israeli Conflict 30
IR4606 Propaganda, Persuasion and Information War in the Middle East 30
IR4607 Britain and Iraq 1914-2004 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in academic year

Access to up to thirty 4000-level credits requires the permission of the Adviser of Studies.
MA (Hons) Theological Studies and International Relations: Third year
Code Module name Credits
DI3703 Reading in Reformation and Early Modern Theology 15 AND
DI3704 Reading in Theological Ethics 15 AND
View list 30 credits from Module List: DI3716, DI4500 - DI4549, DI4750 - DI4789, DI4800 - DI4989
DI3716 Reading in the Greek New Testament 30
DI4511 Church History Special Topic 30
DI4515 Victorian Hymn 30
DI4524 Scottish Spirituality 30
DI4525 Medieval Monastic Spirituality 30
DI4526 Christian Mysticism Through the Ages 30
DI4750 Themes and Texts in Christian-Buddhist Dialogue 30
DI4800 Theology and Pastoral Care 30
DI4805 Practical Theology Special Topic: Theological Issues in Medical Ethics 30
DI4816 The Theology of the Musical 30
DI4819 Monarchy, Church and National Identity 30
DI4823 Worship and the Word: Liturgy and Homiletics 30
DI4824 Theology in Latin America 30
DI4825 Theology in Africa 30
DI4826 Themes in Postcolonial Theology 30
DI4827 Christian Ethics and Contemporary Society 30
DI4830 Aquinas' Theology 30
DI4914 Theology Special Topic: A Quest for God: The Religious World of Dante 30
DI4915 Theology Special Topic 30
DI4916 The Theology of Karl Barth 30
DI4924 Theology and Imagination 30
DI4928 Theological Anthropology 30
DI4933 Colgate University Module 15
DI4936 Theology and Literature 30
DI4937 The Study of Theology 30
DI4938 The Doctrine of the Trinity in Historical and Contemporary Perspectives 30
DI4939 Creation and Providence 30
DI4940 Analytic Theology 30
DI4941 Theology of the Reformation 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in academic year
MA (Hons) International Relations (Joint Honours): Fourth Year
Code Module name Credits
View list Between 30 and 60 credits from Module List: IR4000 - IR4999, ID4002 AND
IR4099 Honours Dissertation in International Relations 60
IR4401 Communication in International Relations 15
IR4501 International Politics of Nuclear Weapons 30
IR4502 Conflict Management, Settlement and Resolution 30
IR4504 The Language of Politics 30
IR4506 Political Economy of the Modern Middle East 30
IR4508 Religion and World Politics 30
IR4509 World Order in the History of Political Thought 30
IR4512 Britain and the World 30
IR4514 Global Public Policy 30
IR4516 The International Relations of Sub-Saharan Africa 30
IR4518 Ethics and the Use of Force 30
IR4519 Politics and Development in Southeast Asia 30
IR4521 Representations of International Relations 30
IR4522 Critical Approaches to International Security 30
IR4523 The Aftermath of the Wars: Liberal Dilemmas 30
IR4525 Ethno-National Conflict in the Post-Communist Space 30
IR4526 Terrorism, Radicalism and Extremism 30
IR4527 International Relations of the European Union 30
IR4528 Foreign Policy of Modern China 30
IR4529 Force in the Modern World 30
IR4530 Genocide 30
IR4531 The Return of Great Power Politics 30
IR4532 The Cultural Politics of Human Rights 30
IR4534 Terrorist Finance 30
IR4535 Theories of Friendship, Solidarity and Peace 30
IR4536 Warmongers and Peacemakers: Religious Actors and Conflict 30
IR4538 Identities, Belonging and Others 30
IR4539 International Law and International Legal Theory 30
IR4540 The Changing Character of War 30
IR4541 Dealing in Darkness: An Anatomy of Realism in International Relations 30
IR4542 Gender and Terrorism 30
IR4543 Activism and Resistance 30
IR4544 Wars and Peace in the Caucasus 30
IR4545 Indian Foreign Policy 30
IR4546 The Psychology of International Security 30
IR4547 Shadows in the Global Political Economy 30
IR4548 Force and Statecraft 30
IR4549 Theory, Critique and Ideology in International Relations 30
IR4550 Art and War 30
IR4551 Cosmopolitanism and Global Politics 30
IR4552 The Politics of the Environment 30
IR4553 Europe, America and the Transatlantic 30
IR4554 Global Aesthetics and Politics 30
IR4555 Music, Politics and International Relations 30
IR4556 Politics and Time: Memory, Narrative and Mourning in Group Identity and Conflict 30
IR4558 Non-Western International Relations 30
IR4560 Faith, Politics, and War: The Augustinian Tradition in IR 30
IR4561 Security as Ethics: Rethinking the Global Polity 30
IR4562 The Political Lives of Objects 30
IR4563 Rebels, Terrorists, Militias: The Comparative Analysis of Armed Groups 30
IR4564 Strategic Studies 30
IR4565 Contemporary Political Theory: from revolution to recognition 30
IR4566 Comparative regionalism 30
IR4567 The International Criminal Court in World Politics 30
IR4568 International Relations of Energy and the Environment 30
IR4569 Geopolitics of Energy in the Caspian Region 30
IR4570 Everyday Life and Global Politics 30
IR4571 Conflict and intervention in world politics 30
IR4572 Economy of Anger: Marxism, Psychoanalysis and the Politics of Status 30
IR4573 Global Economic Governance: Visions and Realities 30
IR4574 Understanding Terrorism 30
IR4575 Queer IR, Queering Global Politics 30
IR4576 The Psychology of Motives in Foreign Policy Analysis 30
IR4600 Ideologies and Social Movements in the Middle East 30
IR4601 Political Order and Violence in the Middle East 30
IR4602 International Relations of the Middle East 30
IR4603 Central Asia in International Politics 30
IR4604 Political Islam and International Relations 30
IR4605 The Arab - Israeli Conflict 30
IR4606 Propaganda, Persuasion and Information War in the Middle East 30
IR4607 Britain and Iraq 1914-2004 30
IR4794 Joint Dissertation (30cr) 30
IR4795 Joint Dissertation (60cr) 60
ID4002 Communication and Teaching in Arts and Humanities 15
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list Between 0 and 30 credits from Module List : IR3000 - IR3999
IR3004 International Political Economy 30
IR3006 International Regimes and Organisations 30
IR3007 Democracy and Democratisation 30
IR3008 International Terrorism 30
IR3011 Ethics and World Politics 30
IR3013 Modern Ideologies 30
IR3021 Case Studies in Conflict Analysis 30
IR3022 International Relations and International Law 30
IR3023 US Foreign Policy: The Dilemmas of Power 30
IR3024 The Politics of Africa 30
IR3025 International Security 30
IR3026 Diplomacy and Conflict Intervention 30
IR3027 American New World Orders of the Twentieth Century 30
IR3028 Politics of China 30
IR3029 The Logic of Irregular Warfare 30
IR3030 Human Rights in Theory and Practice 30
IR3031 Globalisation and the War on Terrorism 30
IR3032 Globalisation and its Disjunctures 30
IR3033 Post-Conflict Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa 30
IR3034 The Political Theory of War and Peace 30
IR3035 Peace Processes and Violence 30
IR3036 Public International Law and International Legal Theory 30
IR3037 Central Asian Studies 30
IR3038 Conflict Management, Settlement and Resolution 30
IR3039 International Relations of the European Union 30
IR3041 International Political Theory 30
IR3042 Representations of Violent Conflict: Research Seminar 30
IR3043 Approaches to Counter-Terrorism 30
IR3044 Pathways of European State Formation 30
IR3045 Violence in Deeply-Divided Societies 30
IR3046 Foreign Policy of Modern China 30
IR3047 Arrested Development? The Politics of Postcolonialism 30
IR3048 Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Intervention 30
IR3049 International History and International Relations 30
IR3050 State, Power, Crime 30
IR3051 International Relations Theory: From Fear to Queer 30
IR3052 The Politics of Violence and Resistance in Latin America 30
IR3053 Peacebuilding and Post-Conflict Transition in Latin America 30
IR3054 Mapping the Boundaries of Emerging and Evolving Securities 30
IR3055 International Relations and the Internet 30
IR3056 Political Leadership: Theories and History 30
IR3057 Armaments and International Relations 30
IR3058 Armed Forces, Societies and Governments: An International Perspective on Civil-Military Relations 30
IR3059 Anglo-American Relations Since 1939: The Special Relationship? 30
IR3060 Rebellion and Revolution 30
IR3061 International Political Theology: Christian Realism and Beyond 30
IR3062 The United Nations since 1945 30
IR3063 Organised Crime and Corruption 30
IR3064 Critical Terrorism Studies 30
IR3065 Refugees and International Relations 30
IR3066 Emotional Encounters: Diplomacy, Power and Persuasion in World Politics 30
IR3067 The International Criminal Court in World Politics 30
IR3068 Christianity and World Politics 30
IR3070 Armed Conflict in Postcolonial Africa 30
IR3071 Realism in International Relations 30
IR3072 New and emerging security threats in the Caucasus and Central Asia 30
IR3073 Dilemmas of International Order: Governing Conflict and Human Rights 30
IR3074 International Relations of Energy and the Environment 30
IR3075 Leader Personality and Foreign Policy 30
IR3076 Political Economy of Trade and Investment 30
IR3077 The Motives and Enablers of Terrorist Violence 30
IR3078 Hot Economics, Cold Politics? International Relations of Northeast Asia 30
IR3101 Russian Politics and Foreign Policy after Communism 30
IR3104 The International Relations of Post-Communist Central and Eastern Europe 30
IR3111 Asian Security 30
IR3113 Gender and Generation 30
IR3300 Conflict in the Middle East 30
IR3301 Politics and State Formation in the Middle East 30
IR3302 Democracy and Revolution in North Africa 30
IR3303 The Arab - Israeli Conflict 30
IR3791
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in academic year

Access to up to thirty 3000-level credits requires the permission of the Adviser of Studies.
MA (Hons) Theological Studies and International Relations: Fourth year
Code Module name Credits
DI4924 Theology and Imagination
Not running in 2019-2020 		30 ) AND
View list 30 credits from Module List: DI3716, DI4500 - DI4549, DI4750 - DI4789, DI4800 - DI4989 ) OR
DI3716 Reading in the Greek New Testament 30
DI4511 Church History Special Topic 30
DI4515 Victorian Hymn 30
DI4524 Scottish Spirituality 30
DI4525 Medieval Monastic Spirituality 30
DI4526 Christian Mysticism Through the Ages 30
DI4750 Themes and Texts in Christian-Buddhist Dialogue 30
DI4800 Theology and Pastoral Care 30
DI4805 Practical Theology Special Topic: Theological Issues in Medical Ethics 30
DI4816 The Theology of the Musical 30
DI4819 Monarchy, Church and National Identity 30
DI4823 Worship and the Word: Liturgy and Homiletics 30
DI4824 Theology in Latin America 30
DI4825 Theology in Africa 30
DI4826 Themes in Postcolonial Theology 30
DI4827 Christian Ethics and Contemporary Society 30
DI4830 Aquinas' Theology 30
DI4914 Theology Special Topic: A Quest for God: The Religious World of Dante 30
DI4915 Theology Special Topic 30
DI4916 The Theology of Karl Barth 30
DI4924 Theology and Imagination 30
DI4928 Theological Anthropology 30
DI4933 Colgate University Module 15
DI4936 Theology and Literature 30
DI4937 The Study of Theology 30
DI4938 The Doctrine of the Trinity in Historical and Contemporary Perspectives 30
DI4939 Creation and Providence 30
DI4940 Analytic Theology 30
DI4941 Theology of the Reformation 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
( View list Between 30 and 60 credits from Module List: DI3716, DI4500 - DI4549, DI4750 - DI4789, DI4800 - DI4989 AND
DI3716 Reading in the Greek New Testament 30
DI4511 Church History Special Topic 30
DI4515 Victorian Hymn 30
DI4524 Scottish Spirituality 30
DI4525 Medieval Monastic Spirituality 30
DI4526 Christian Mysticism Through the Ages 30
DI4750 Themes and Texts in Christian-Buddhist Dialogue 30
DI4800 Theology and Pastoral Care 30
DI4805 Practical Theology Special Topic: Theological Issues in Medical Ethics 30
DI4816 The Theology of the Musical 30
DI4819 Monarchy, Church and National Identity 30
DI4823 Worship and the Word: Liturgy and Homiletics 30
DI4824 Theology in Latin America 30
DI4825 Theology in Africa 30
DI4826 Themes in Postcolonial Theology 30
DI4827 Christian Ethics and Contemporary Society 30
DI4830 Aquinas' Theology 30
DI4914 Theology Special Topic: A Quest for God: The Religious World of Dante 30
DI4915 Theology Special Topic 30
DI4916 The Theology of Karl Barth 30
DI4924 Theology and Imagination 30
DI4928 Theological Anthropology 30
DI4933 Colgate University Module 15
DI4936 Theology and Literature 30
DI4937 The Study of Theology 30
DI4938 The Doctrine of the Trinity in Historical and Contemporary Perspectives 30
DI4939 Creation and Providence 30
DI4940 Analytic Theology 30
DI4941 Theology of the Reformation 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list Between 0 and 30 credits from Module List: DI4015 with ID4002 )
ID4002 Communication and Teaching in Arts and Humanities 15
DI4015 Communication in Divinity 15
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in academic year

60 credits from Module List: DI3716, DI4500 - DI4549, DI4750 - DI4789, DI4800 - DI4989 and Module List: DI4015 with ID4002 must be taken if a 4000-level dissertation or comparable independent research project is taken in the other Honours subject.

If selected both DI4015 and ID4002 must be taken.

Study abroad

In the case of students who spend part of the Honours programme on a recognised Study Abroad scheme, the Programme Requirements will be amended to take into account overseas courses which are approved by the relevant St Andrews School in the Learning Agreement (see www.st-andrews.ac.uk/students/study-abroad/academic ).