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Master of Arts (Honours) Classical Studies and Middle East Studies


MA (Hons) Classical Studies (Joint Honours): First year
Code Module name Credits
( View list 40 credits from Module List: CL1004 - CL1005 OR
CL1004 Myth and Community in Ancient Greek Literature and Culture 20
CL1005 Images of Augustan Rome 20
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list 40 credits from Module List: AN1001 - AN1002, GK1001 - GK1002, GK1005 - GK1006, LT1001 - LT1004 ) AND
AN1001 The Greeks in a Wider World 20
AN1002 Rome and the Mediterranean 20
GK1001 Greek Language for Beginners 20
GK1002 Greek Literature for Beginners 20
GK1005 Greek Language and Literature 1 20
GK1006 Greek Pastoral and Passion 20
LT1001 Elementary Latin 1 20
LT1002 Elementary Latin 2 20
LT1003 World of Latin 1 20
LT1004 World of Latin 2 20
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
Remaining credits from Level 1000 options

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in the academic year

MA Classical Studies (Joint Honours) First and Second Year Programme Requirements:
  • For the Classical studies element of their degree, over the two subhonours years, students must pass 80 credits in 1000-level or 2000-level modules in Ancient History (AN), Classical Studies (CL), Greek (GK) or Latin (LT), including at least 40 credits at 2000-level, with passes at 11 or better in at least two 2000-level modules in AN, CL, GK or LT.
  • The 80 credits must include one or both of the following pairs of modules: CL1004 + CL1005, CL2003 + CL2004.
Note: most students taking Classical Studies joint or single Honours take CL1004 and CL1005 in their first year and CL2003 and CL2004 in their second, but many other combinations of modules within the School of Classics are possible.
MA (Hons) Middle East Studies (Joint Honours): First year
Code Module name Credits
View list Between 0 and 40 credits from Module List: ME1003, MO1007 - MO1008 AND
ME1003 The Fall of Rome and the Origins of Europe (400-1000) 20
MO1007 The Early Modern Western World (c. 1450 - c. 1770) 20
MO1008 Themes in Late Modern History (c. 1776 - 2001) 20
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
Between 0 and 80 credits from Level 1000 options

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in the academic year
MA (Hons) Classical Studies (Joint Honours): Second year
Code Module name Credits
( View list 40 credits from Module List: AN2002 - AN2003, CL2003 - CL2004, GK2001 - GK2004, LT2001 - LT2004 OR
AN2002 The Roman Empire 20
AN2003 Mediterranean Communities 20
CL2003 Early Greek Poetry and Philosophy 20
CL2004 Culture and Thought in the Late Roman Republic 20
GK2001 The Landscape of Greek Prose (A) 20
GK2002 The Landscape of Greek Poetry (A) 20
GK2003 The Landscape of Greek Prose (B) 20
GK2004 The Landscape of Greek Poetry (B) 20
LT2001 Latin Language and Literature 1 20
LT2002 Latin Language and Literature 2 20
LT2003 Latin in Progress 1 20
LT2004 Latin in Progress 2 20
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list 40 credits from Module List: CL2003 - CL2004 ) AND
CL2003 Early Greek Poetry and Philosophy 20
CL2004 Culture and Thought in the Late Roman Republic 20
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
Remaining credits from Levels 1000 and 2000 options

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in the academic year
Choose a minimum of 80 Level 2000 credits

MA Classical Studies (Joint Honours) First and Second Year Programme Requirements:
  • For the Classical studies element of their degree, over the two subhonours years, students must pass 80 credits in 1000-level or 2000-level modules in Ancient History (AN), Classical Studies (CL), Greek (GK) or Latin (LT), including at least 40 credits at 2000-level, with passes at 11 or better in at least two 2000-level modules in AN, CL, GK or LT.
  • The 80 credits must include one or both of the following pairs of modules: CL1004 + CL1005, CL2003 + CL2004.
Note: most students taking Classical Studies joint or single Honours take CL1004 and CL1005 in their first year and CL2003 and CL2004 in their second, but many other combinations of modules within the School of Classics are possible.


Automatic entry to Honours requires:
Passes at grade 11 or better must be obtained in at least two 2000-level AN, CL, GK or LT modules.
MA (Hons) Middle East Studies (Joint Honours): Second year
Code Module name Credits
* MH2002 Introduction to Middle Eastern History 20 AND
( ~ HI2001 History as a Discipline: Development and Key Concepts 20 OR
~ ME2003 Medieval Europe (1000-1400) 20 OR
~ MO2008 Scotland, Britain and Empire (c. 1500 - 2000) 20 ) AND
Remaining credits from Levels 1000 and 2000 options

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in the academic year
Choose a minimum of 80 Level 2000 credits

Automatic entry to Honours requires

  • pass at grade 11 or better required in modules marked *
  • pass at grade 11 or better required in modules marked ~

Entry to Honours

Students who meet the requirements specified above, and who meet all other programme requirements, will be given automatic entry into Honours programmes.

See: www.st-andrews.ac.uk/media/teaching-and-learning/policies/honsentry.pdf )

MA Honours

The general requirements are 480 credits over a period of normally four years (and not more than five years) or part-time equivalent, of which the final two years form an approved Honours programme of 240 credits, of which 90 credits are at 4000 level and at least a further 120 credits at 3000 and/or 4000 levels.

MA (Hons) Classical Studies (Joint Honours): Third year
Code Module name Credits
View list Between 0 and 60 credits from Module List: CL4000 - CL4989 (excluding CL4794 - CL4797) AND
CL4406 Herodotus 30
CL4419 Magic in Greco-Roman Literature and Life 30
CL4420 Fame, Tradition and Narrative: Homer's lliad 30
CL4421 The Ancient and Modern Novel 30
CL4433 Religions of the Greeks 30
CL4435 Greek Theatre 30
CL4437 Modern Classics: Classics in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 30
CL4438 Animals in Greco-Roman Antiquity 30
CL4444 Pleasure, Goodness and Happiness: Hellenistic Ethics 30
CL4445 Women in Ancient Societies 30
CL4449 After Virgil: The Aeneid and its Reception 30
CL4452 Knowledge and the World in Hellenistic Philosophy 30
CL4455 Roman Praise 30
CL4456 Pompeii 30
CL4458 Ethics and Lifestyles: Philosophy and Ways of Living in Antiquity 30
CL4461 Senecan Tragedy and its Reception 30
CL4462 Leaders and Leadership in the Ancient World 30
CL4463 Travels and Marvels in the Graeco-Roman World 30
CL4464 The Religious Sense in the Classical Roman World 30
CL4500 Pleasure, Goodness and Happiness: Hellenistic Ethics 30
CL4502 Ethics and Lifestyles: Philosophy and Ways of Living in Antiquity 30
CL4602 From Classical Temple to Christian Basilica 30
CL4604 Greek Sculpture 30
CL4605 Classical Bodies 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list Between 0 and 60 credits from Module List: AA4000 - AA4989, AN4000 - AN4989, CL4000 - CL4989 (excluding CL4794 - CL4797)
AA4001 Cities and Urban Life in Late Antiquity (300-700 CE) 30
AA4002 From Pompeii to Aquileia: the Archaeology of Roman Italy (50 BCE - 300 CE) 30
AA4121 The Ancient City of Rome 30
AA4122 Sacred Spaces in the Roman Empire 30
AA4130 The Roman Army 30
AA4149 The Archaeology of Minoan Crete 30
AN4105 Roman Egypt 30
AN4106 Greeks and Others 30
AN4108 The Disintegration of the Roman Empire 30
AN4109 Death in Roman Culture 30
AN4110 The Culture of Roman Imperialism 30
AN4136 Alexander the Great 30
AN4141 Greek Tyranny 30
AN4146 The Supremacy of Greece: Athens and Sparta 479 - 362 BCE 30
AN4152 Ancient Empires 30
AN4153 Religious Change in Late Antiquity 30
AN4154 Tyrant - Madman - Fool - Knave: the Julio-Claudian Emperors 14-68 CE 30
AN4155 Religious Communities in the Late Antique World 30
AN4156 Memory and Dynasty 30
AN4426 Roman Slavery 30
AN4427 Greeks and Others 30
AN4428 Eight Scenes from the Life of Alexander 30
AN4429 Early Greece between Egypt and Anatolia 30
AN4430 Floods, famines, plagues and volcanoes: Roman adaptation to the environment 30
CL4406 Herodotus 30
CL4419 Magic in Greco-Roman Literature and Life 30
CL4420 Fame, Tradition and Narrative: Homer's lliad 30
CL4421 The Ancient and Modern Novel 30
CL4433 Religions of the Greeks 30
CL4435 Greek Theatre 30
CL4437 Modern Classics: Classics in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 30
CL4438 Animals in Greco-Roman Antiquity 30
CL4444 Pleasure, Goodness and Happiness: Hellenistic Ethics 30
CL4445 Women in Ancient Societies 30
CL4449 After Virgil: The Aeneid and its Reception 30
CL4452 Knowledge and the World in Hellenistic Philosophy 30
CL4455 Roman Praise 30
CL4456 Pompeii 30
CL4458 Ethics and Lifestyles: Philosophy and Ways of Living in Antiquity 30
CL4461 Senecan Tragedy and its Reception 30
CL4462 Leaders and Leadership in the Ancient World 30
CL4463 Travels and Marvels in the Graeco-Roman World 30
CL4464 The Religious Sense in the Classical Roman World 30
CL4500 Pleasure, Goodness and Happiness: Hellenistic Ethics 30
CL4502 Ethics and Lifestyles: Philosophy and Ways of Living in Antiquity 30
CL4602 From Classical Temple to Christian Basilica 30
CL4604 Greek Sculpture 30
CL4605 Classical Bodies 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in academic year

MA Classical Studies (Joint Honours) Third and Fourth Year Programme Requirements:
60 credits: CL4000 - CL4989, ((CL4999 or CL4794) - in Fourth Year only).
At least 30 further credits: AA4000-AA4989, AN4000-AN4989, CL4000-CL4989, ((ID4002 and CL4990) - in Fourth Year only).

In total 240 credits must be achieved at 3000 and 4000 levels with a minimum of 90 credits at 4000 level.
MA (Hons) Middle East Studies (Joint Honours): Third year
Code Module name Credits
View list 60 credits from Module List: Various Groupings of AH, IR, ME and MO Modules
AH3131 A Survey of Islamic Art 30
AH4050 Approaches to Persian Painting and the Arts of the Book 30
IR3300 Conflict in the Middle East 30
IR3301 Politics and State Formation in the Middle East 30
IR3302 Democracy and Revolution in North Africa 30
IR3303 The Arab - Israeli Conflict 30
ME3162 The Medieval Castle 30
ME3163 The Imperial City: Byzantine and Ottoman Constantinople 30
ME3164 Archaeology of Late Antiquity and the Early Islamic Middle East: Architecture and Representations of Power (C4th-C12th) 30
ME3602 The Crusades viewed from the other side: Muslim perspectives 30
ME3608 Eastern Approaches: Early Medieval Armenia c. 500 - 750 30
ME3609 The Mongols and the West 30
ME3610 The Ottoman Empire from Medieval Anatolia to S³leyman the Magnificent 30
ME3611 The Eastern Roman Empire in the Reign of Justinian 527 - 565 30
ME3612 Cataclysm and Consolidation: the Reconfiguration of the Middle East in the Seventh Century 30
ME3613 Arabs, Persians and Turks in the Early Islamic East in the Age of the Caliphates (600 - 1200) 30
ME3614 The Eastern Roman World in the Late Middle Ages 30
ME3616 Missionaries, Assassins and State-builders: Militant Shiæism in the Medieval Muslim World 30
ME3617 The Mamluks And The Mamluk Sultanate 30
MO3080 The Iranian World from the Timurids to the Safavids (1370 - 1722) 30
MO3081 The Ottoman Empire 1300 - 1700 30
MO3280 Persia in the 18th Century, 1722-1834 (Age of the Warlords) 30
MO3381 French Algeria, 1830 - 1962 30
MO3385 Modern Iran from 1834-1941: Enlightenment, Nationalism & Revolution 30
MO3386 Religion and State in Iran from the Rise of the Safavid dynasty until the Constitutional Movement (1501-1911) 30
MO3581 From World War 2 to Thermidor: Iran in the Short 20th Century 30
MO3582 Revolution and Resistance in the 20th Century Middle East 30
AH3131 A Survey of Islamic Art 30
AH4050 Approaches to Persian Painting and the Arts of the Book 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in academic year

Access to level 3000 and 4000 level IR modules requires permission from the Honours Advisers in Middle East Studies and International Relations. Students will normally be expected to have met the requirements for Honours entry to the School of International Relations.
MA (Hons) Classical Studies (Joint Honours): Fourth year
Code Module name Credits
View list Between 0 and 60 credits from Module List: CL4000 - CL4989, CL4794, CL4999 AND
CL4794 Joint Dissertation (30cr) 30
CL4999 Dissertation (Short) in Ancient History, Ancient History and Archaeology, or Classical Studies 30
CL4406 Herodotus 30
CL4419 Magic in Greco-Roman Literature and Life 30
CL4420 Fame, Tradition and Narrative: Homer's lliad 30
CL4421 The Ancient and Modern Novel 30
CL4433 Religions of the Greeks 30
CL4435 Greek Theatre 30
CL4437 Modern Classics: Classics in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 30
CL4438 Animals in Greco-Roman Antiquity 30
CL4444 Pleasure, Goodness and Happiness: Hellenistic Ethics 30
CL4445 Women in Ancient Societies 30
CL4449 After Virgil: The Aeneid and its Reception 30
CL4452 Knowledge and the World in Hellenistic Philosophy 30
CL4455 Roman Praise 30
CL4456 Pompeii 30
CL4458 Ethics and Lifestyles: Philosophy and Ways of Living in Antiquity 30
CL4461 Senecan Tragedy and its Reception 30
CL4462 Leaders and Leadership in the Ancient World 30
CL4463 Travels and Marvels in the Graeco-Roman World 30
CL4464 The Religious Sense in the Classical Roman World 30
CL4500 Pleasure, Goodness and Happiness: Hellenistic Ethics 30
CL4502 Ethics and Lifestyles: Philosophy and Ways of Living in Antiquity 30
CL4602 From Classical Temple to Christian Basilica 30
CL4604 Greek Sculpture 30
CL4605 Classical Bodies 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list Between 0 and 60 credits from Module List: (ID4002 + CL4990), AA4000 - AA4989, AN4000 - AN4989, CL4000 - CL4989 (exc CL4794 - CL4797)
ID4002 Communication and Teaching in Arts and Humanities 15
CL4990 Teaching and Learning in Classics and Ancient History 15
AA4001 Cities and Urban Life in Late Antiquity (300-700 CE) 30
AA4002 From Pompeii to Aquileia: the Archaeology of Roman Italy (50 BCE - 300 CE) 30
AA4121 The Ancient City of Rome 30
AA4122 Sacred Spaces in the Roman Empire 30
AA4130 The Roman Army 30
AA4149 The Archaeology of Minoan Crete 30
AN4105 Roman Egypt 30
AN4106 Greeks and Others 30
AN4108 The Disintegration of the Roman Empire 30
AN4109 Death in Roman Culture 30
AN4110 The Culture of Roman Imperialism 30
AN4136 Alexander the Great 30
AN4141 Greek Tyranny 30
AN4146 The Supremacy of Greece: Athens and Sparta 479 - 362 BCE 30
AN4152 Ancient Empires 30
AN4153 Religious Change in Late Antiquity 30
AN4154 Tyrant - Madman - Fool - Knave: the Julio-Claudian Emperors 14-68 CE 30
AN4155 Religious Communities in the Late Antique World 30
AN4156 Memory and Dynasty 30
AN4426 Roman Slavery 30
AN4427 Greeks and Others 30
AN4428 Eight Scenes from the Life of Alexander 30
AN4429 Early Greece between Egypt and Anatolia 30
AN4430 Floods, famines, plagues and volcanoes: Roman adaptation to the environment 30
CL4406 Herodotus 30
CL4419 Magic in Greco-Roman Literature and Life 30
CL4420 Fame, Tradition and Narrative: Homer's lliad 30
CL4421 The Ancient and Modern Novel 30
CL4433 Religions of the Greeks 30
CL4435 Greek Theatre 30
CL4437 Modern Classics: Classics in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 30
CL4438 Animals in Greco-Roman Antiquity 30
CL4444 Pleasure, Goodness and Happiness: Hellenistic Ethics 30
CL4445 Women in Ancient Societies 30
CL4449 After Virgil: The Aeneid and its Reception 30
CL4452 Knowledge and the World in Hellenistic Philosophy 30
CL4455 Roman Praise 30
CL4456 Pompeii 30
CL4458 Ethics and Lifestyles: Philosophy and Ways of Living in Antiquity 30
CL4461 Senecan Tragedy and its Reception 30
CL4462 Leaders and Leadership in the Ancient World 30
CL4463 Travels and Marvels in the Graeco-Roman World 30
CL4464 The Religious Sense in the Classical Roman World 30
CL4500 Pleasure, Goodness and Happiness: Hellenistic Ethics 30
CL4502 Ethics and Lifestyles: Philosophy and Ways of Living in Antiquity 30
CL4602 From Classical Temple to Christian Basilica 30
CL4604 Greek Sculpture 30
CL4605 Classical Bodies 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in academic year

MA Classical Studies (Joint Honours) Third and Fourth Year Programme Requirements:
60 credits: CL4000 - CL4989, ((CL4999 or CL4794) - in Fourth Year only).
At least 30 further credits: AA4000-AA4989, AN4000-AN4989, CL4000-CL4989, ((ID4002 and CL4990) - in Fourth Year only).

In total 240 credits must be achieved at 3000 and 4000 levels with a minimum of 90 credits at 4000 level.
MA (Hons) Middle East Studies (Joint Honours): Fourth year
Code Module name Credits
( View list Between 0 and 30 credits from Module List: Various Groupings of AH, IR, ME and MO Modules AND
AH3131 A Survey of Islamic Art 30
AH4050 Approaches to Persian Painting and the Arts of the Book 30
IR3300 Conflict in the Middle East 30
IR3301 Politics and State Formation in the Middle East 30
IR3302 Democracy and Revolution in North Africa 30
IR3303 The Arab - Israeli Conflict 30
ME3162 The Medieval Castle 30
ME3163 The Imperial City: Byzantine and Ottoman Constantinople 30
ME3164 Archaeology of Late Antiquity and the Early Islamic Middle East: Architecture and Representations of Power (C4th-C12th) 30
ME3602 The Crusades viewed from the other side: Muslim perspectives 30
ME3608 Eastern Approaches: Early Medieval Armenia c. 500 - 750 30
ME3609 The Mongols and the West 30
ME3610 The Ottoman Empire from Medieval Anatolia to S³leyman the Magnificent 30
ME3611 The Eastern Roman Empire in the Reign of Justinian 527 - 565 30
ME3612 Cataclysm and Consolidation: the Reconfiguration of the Middle East in the Seventh Century 30
ME3613 Arabs, Persians and Turks in the Early Islamic East in the Age of the Caliphates (600 - 1200) 30
ME3614 The Eastern Roman World in the Late Middle Ages 30
ME3616 Missionaries, Assassins and State-builders: Militant Shiæism in the Medieval Muslim World 30
ME3617 The Mamluks And The Mamluk Sultanate 30
MO3080 The Iranian World from the Timurids to the Safavids (1370 - 1722) 30
MO3081 The Ottoman Empire 1300 - 1700 30
MO3280 Persia in the 18th Century, 1722-1834 (Age of the Warlords) 30
MO3381 French Algeria, 1830 - 1962 30
MO3385 Modern Iran from 1834-1941: Enlightenment, Nationalism & Revolution 30
MO3386 Religion and State in Iran from the Rise of the Safavid dynasty until the Constitutional Movement (1501-1911) 30
MO3581 From World War 2 to Thermidor: Iran in the Short 20th Century 30
MO3582 Revolution and Resistance in the 20th Century Middle East 30
AH3131 A Survey of Islamic Art 30
AH4050 Approaches to Persian Painting and the Arts of the Book 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list Between 0 and 60 credits from Module List: IR4099, IR4600 - IR4650, HI4997 - HI4999, HI4794 AND
IR4099 Honours Dissertation in International Relations 60
IR4600 Ideologies and Social Movements in the Middle East 30
IR4601 Political Order and Violence in the Middle East 30
IR4602 International Relations of the Middle East 30
IR4603 Central Asia in International Politics 30
IR4604 Political Islam and International Relations 30
IR4605 The Arab - Israeli Conflict 30
IR4606 Propaganda, Persuasion and Information War in the Middle East 30
IR4607 Britain's Iraq War 1990-2004 30
HI4997 Recording the Past 30
HI4998 Honours Project in History 30
HI4999 Honours Dissertation in History 30
HI4794 Joint Dissertation (30cr) 30
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list Between 0 and 30 credits from Module List: ID4002 and HI4101 ) OR
ID4002 Communication and Teaching in Arts and Humanities 15
HI4101 Communication in History 15
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above
View list 60 credits from Module List: ME4850 - ME4895, MO4850 - MO4895 AND
ME4852 From Leo VI to Basil II: Byzantium in the Tenth Century 60
ME4854 Byzantine and Ottoman Constantinople (Istanbul) 60
ME4855 Crusaders, Mongols and Mamluks: West and East in the Mid-Thirteenth Century 60
ME4856 From Byzantium to the Ottoman Empire 60
ME4857 The Mongol Empire and the Islamic World 60
MO4850 Britain and Iran in the Modern Era 60
MO4852 Experiencing the Past in the Middle East 60
MO4853 Under a Bright Red Star: Iranian Marxism in the 20th Century 60
Note:
- Not all modules are available in every academic year and/or semester
- Individual modules may have requisites to satisfy to be eligible to select them

For further details, see the module catalogue entry for each individual module above

Further requirements

Choose 120 credits in academic year

Access to HI4999 requires the permission of the Chair of the Degree Committee.

With the permission of the Director of Teaching 30 credits in Fourth Year may be replaced by ID4002 and HI4101.

Access to level 3000 and 4000 level IR modules requires permission from the Honours Advisers in Middle East Studies and International Relations. Students will normally be expected to have met the requirements for Honours entry to the School of International Relations.

Study abroad

In the case of students who spend part of the Honours programme on a recognised Study Abroad scheme, the Programme Requirements will be amended to take into account overseas courses which are approved by the relevant St Andrews School in the Learning Agreement (see www.st-andrews.ac.uk/students/study-abroad/academic ).